European Economic Experts Panel

Firms’ incentives to reduce costs by sourcing inputs and products abroad have caused many European industries to become more vulnerable to supply chain disruptions.

Private firms have inadequate incentives to make investments to reduce the risk that disruptions in the supply of imports will cause shortages and raise domestic prices.

Prioritisation of efficiency over resilience in global supply chains makes current disruptions likely to continue beyond 2022.

Employees who spend two of their days each week working from home are, on average, likely to be more productive over the longer term.

Employees who spend two of their days each week working from home are, on average, likely to report higher levels of job satisfaction over the longer term.

Having the opportunity to work two to three days a week from home is, on average, like to be more beneficial for women’s career progression than for that of their male colleagues.