US

Frozen Assets

Question A:

Western countries have used interest earned on frozen Russian state assets to finance around $50 billion in loans to the government of Ukraine. There have also been calls to seize the assets in full, currently estimated at around $300 billion.

Seizing frozen Russian state assets and using them to support Ukraine’s defense, economy and reconstruction would substantially accelerate the ending of the war.

Responses weighted by each expert's confidence

Question B:

Seizing frozen Russian state assets and using them to support Ukraine’s defense, economy and reconstruction would, by reducing the burden on Western taxpayers, substantially increase Western voters’ political approval for supporting Ukraine.

Responses weighted by each expert's confidence

Question C:

Seizing frozen Russian state assets and using them to support Ukraine’s defense, economy and reconstruction would substantially reduce investment in assets denominated in Western currencies and/or increase the likelihood of another country seizing Western sovereign assets in a future conflict.

Responses weighted by each expert's confidence

Question A Participant Responses

Participant University Vote Confidence Bio/Vote History
Acemoglu
Daron Acemoglu
MIT
Uncertain
2
Bio/Vote History
It is very difficult to foresee at this point whether relative Russian weakness would expedite or delay an end to the war.
Aguiar
Mark Aguiar
Princeton
Uncertain
3
Bio/Vote History
Altonji
Joseph Altonji
Yale
Uncertain
2
Bio/Vote History
Auerbach
Alan Auerbach
Berkeley
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Autor
David Autor
MIT
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
Banerjee
Abhijit Banerjee
MIT Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Bergemann
Dirk Bergemann
Yale
Strongly Agree
9
Bio/Vote History
Bertrand
Marianne Bertrand
Chicago
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Brunnermeier
Markus Brunnermeier
Princeton
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Chevalier
Judith Chevalier
Yale Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Cutler
David Cutler
Harvard
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Duffie
Darrell Duffie
Stanford
Uncertain
2
Bio/Vote History
Edlin
Aaron Edlin
Berkeley Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Eichengreen
Barry Eichengreen
Berkeley
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
Einav
Liran Einav
Stanford
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Fair
Ray Fair
Yale
Disagree
5
Bio/Vote History
Glaeser
Edward Glaeser
Harvard
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
Goldberg
Pinelopi Goldberg
Yale
Disagree
5
Bio/Vote History
Greenstone
Michael Greenstone
University of Chicago Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Hart
Oliver Hart
Harvard
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Holmström
Bengt Holmström
MIT
Uncertain
4
Bio/Vote History
It will cause some pain but hardly dent the Rusdian resolve
Hoxby
Caroline Hoxby
Stanford
Strongly Agree
10
Bio/Vote History
Hoynes
Hilary Hoynes
Berkeley
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Hurst
Erik Hurst
Chicago Booth
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Judd
Kenneth Judd
Stanford
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
It is difficult to be confident about any such conjecture.
Kaplan
Steven Kaplan
Chicago Booth
Uncertain
2
Bio/Vote History
Kashyap
Anil Kashyap
Chicago Booth
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
obviously if it is all put into reconstruction that won't accelerate the end. So it depends how much is taken and how it is split
Klenow
Pete Klenow
Stanford
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Levin
Jonathan Levin
Stanford
Uncertain
3
Bio/Vote History
Maskin
Eric Maskin
Harvard
Uncertain
3
Bio/Vote History
Seizing the assets would probably help the war effort, but hard to say whether the effect would be "substantial"
Nordhaus
William Nordhaus
Yale
Agree
2
Bio/Vote History
Obstfeld
Maurice Obstfeld
Peterson Institute for International Economics
Uncertain
4
Bio/Vote History
Using the interest as long as the war lasts is effectively not that different from seizure. Seizure may motivate western governments to reduce their contributions.
Pathak
Parag Pathak
MIT
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Samuelson
Larry Samuelson
Yale
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
There are obstacles to support for the Ukraine, such as refusing some weapons for fear of escalation, reluctance of nearby countries to lend support, political animus in the US, and so it is not clear that a new source of funds would be definitive.
Scheinkman
José Scheinkman
Columbia University
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Schmalensee
Richard Schmalensee
MIT
Disagree
5
Bio/Vote History
Scott Morton
Fiona Scott Morton
Yale
Strongly Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Shapiro
Carl Shapiro
Berkeley
Uncertain
8
Bio/Vote History
Shimer
Robert Shimer
University of Chicago
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Stantcheva
Stefanie Stantcheva
Harvard Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Stock
James Stock
Harvard Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Stokey
Nancy Stokey
University of Chicago
Agree
2
Bio/Vote History
Syverson
Chad Syverson
Chicago Booth
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Thaler
Richard Thaler
Chicago Booth Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Udry
Christopher Udry
Northwestern
Agree
1
Bio/Vote History
Very uncertain; the mechanism would be through lowering the politcal cost of supporting Ukraine.
Werning
Ivan Werning
MIT
Uncertain
3
Bio/Vote History

Question B Participant Responses

Participant University Vote Confidence Bio/Vote History
Acemoglu
Daron Acemoglu
MIT
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Aguiar
Mark Aguiar
Princeton
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Altonji
Joseph Altonji
Yale
Agree
1
Bio/Vote History
Auerbach
Alan Auerbach
Berkeley
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Autor
David Autor
MIT
Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Banerjee
Abhijit Banerjee
MIT Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Bergemann
Dirk Bergemann
Yale
Strongly Agree
9
Bio/Vote History
Bertrand
Marianne Bertrand
Chicago
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Brunnermeier
Markus Brunnermeier
Princeton
Uncertain
6
Bio/Vote History
Chevalier
Judith Chevalier
Yale Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Cutler
David Cutler
Harvard
Strongly Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Duffie
Darrell Duffie
Stanford
Uncertain
2
Bio/Vote History
Edlin
Aaron Edlin
Berkeley Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Eichengreen
Barry Eichengreen
Berkeley
Disagree
5
Bio/Vote History
Einav
Liran Einav
Stanford
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Fair
Ray Fair
Yale
Disagree
5
Bio/Vote History
Glaeser
Edward Glaeser
Harvard
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Goldberg
Pinelopi Goldberg
Yale
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
Greenstone
Michael Greenstone
University of Chicago Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Hart
Oliver Hart
Harvard
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Holmström
Bengt Holmström
MIT
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Hoxby
Caroline Hoxby
Stanford
Agree
10
Bio/Vote History
Hoynes
Hilary Hoynes
Berkeley
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Hurst
Erik Hurst
Chicago Booth
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Judd
Kenneth Judd
Stanford
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Kaplan
Steven Kaplan
Chicago Booth
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Kashyap
Anil Kashyap
Chicago Booth
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
I have no idea how much the cost of the war influences public support and again depends how much is seized
Klenow
Pete Klenow
Stanford
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Levin
Jonathan Levin
Stanford
Disagree
5
Bio/Vote History
Maskin
Eric Maskin
Harvard
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Cost has been a major factor in inhibiting support for the war.
Nordhaus
William Nordhaus
Yale
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Obstfeld
Maurice Obstfeld
Peterson Institute for International Economics
Disagree
4
Bio/Vote History
Pathak
Parag Pathak
MIT
Uncertain
2
Bio/Vote History
Samuelson
Larry Samuelson
Yale
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Support for the Ukraine is a small part of the US government or defense budget; the reluctance appears to be more than just financial.
Scheinkman
José Scheinkman
Columbia University
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Schmalensee
Richard Schmalensee
MIT
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
Scott Morton
Fiona Scott Morton
Yale
Agree
9
Bio/Vote History
Shapiro
Carl Shapiro
Berkeley
Uncertain
2
Bio/Vote History
Shimer
Robert Shimer
University of Chicago
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Stantcheva
Stefanie Stantcheva
Harvard Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Stock
James Stock
Harvard Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Stokey
Nancy Stokey
University of Chicago
Agree
2
Bio/Vote History
Syverson
Chad Syverson
Chicago Booth
Disagree
6
Bio/Vote History
Thaler
Richard Thaler
Chicago Booth Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Udry
Christopher Udry
Northwestern
Agree
1
Bio/Vote History
Werning
Ivan Werning
MIT
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History

Question C Participant Responses

Participant University Vote Confidence Bio/Vote History
Acemoglu
Daron Acemoglu
MIT
Uncertain
2
Bio/Vote History
Aguiar
Mark Aguiar
Princeton
Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Altonji
Joseph Altonji
Yale
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Auerbach
Alan Auerbach
Berkeley
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Autor
David Autor
MIT
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Banerjee
Abhijit Banerjee
MIT Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Bergemann
Dirk Bergemann
Yale
Uncertain
6
Bio/Vote History
Bertrand
Marianne Bertrand
Chicago
Disagree
3
Bio/Vote History
Brunnermeier
Markus Brunnermeier
Princeton
Uncertain
6
Bio/Vote History
Chevalier
Judith Chevalier
Yale Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Cutler
David Cutler
Harvard
Disagree
4
Bio/Vote History
Duffie
Darrell Duffie
Stanford
Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Edlin
Aaron Edlin
Berkeley Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Eichengreen
Barry Eichengreen
Berkeley
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
Einav
Liran Einav
Stanford
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Fair
Ray Fair
Yale
Disagree
5
Bio/Vote History
Glaeser
Edward Glaeser
Harvard
Disagree
6
Bio/Vote History
Goldberg
Pinelopi Goldberg
Yale
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
Greenstone
Michael Greenstone
University of Chicago Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Hart
Oliver Hart
Harvard
Disagree
6
Bio/Vote History
Holmström
Bengt Holmström
MIT
Uncertain
3
Bio/Vote History
Hoxby
Caroline Hoxby
Stanford
Disagree
3
Bio/Vote History
Hoynes
Hilary Hoynes
Berkeley
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Hurst
Erik Hurst
Chicago Booth
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Judd
Kenneth Judd
Stanford
Disagree
6
Bio/Vote History
If the West was united on this issue then there would be little impact. Seizure of Western assets is always a risk. For example, Libya seized oil assets.
Kaplan
Steven Kaplan
Chicago Booth
Disagree
3
Bio/Vote History
Kashyap
Anil Kashyap
Chicago Booth
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
this will be an uncomfortable precedent
Klenow
Pete Klenow
Stanford
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Levin
Jonathan Levin
Stanford
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Maskin
Eric Maskin
Harvard
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Nordhaus
William Nordhaus
Yale
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
Obstfeld
Maurice Obstfeld
Peterson Institute for International Economics
Uncertain
4
Bio/Vote History
Pathak
Parag Pathak
MIT
Uncertain
3
Bio/Vote History
Samuelson
Larry Samuelson
Yale
Disagree
4
Bio/Vote History
This conflict is sufficiently outside the ordinary that one would hope seizing Russian assets would have no affect on ordinary countries, while rogue nations will need not excuse should they be tempted to seize assets.
Scheinkman
José Scheinkman
Columbia University
No Opinion
Bio/Vote History
Schmalensee
Richard Schmalensee
MIT
Disagree
3
Bio/Vote History
Scott Morton
Fiona Scott Morton
Yale
Uncertain
6
Bio/Vote History
Shapiro
Carl Shapiro
Berkeley
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
Shimer
Robert Shimer
University of Chicago
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Stantcheva
Stefanie Stantcheva
Harvard Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Stock
James Stock
Harvard Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Stokey
Nancy Stokey
University of Chicago
Uncertain
1
Bio/Vote History
Syverson
Chad Syverson
Chicago Booth
Uncertain
8
Bio/Vote History
Thaler
Richard Thaler
Chicago Booth Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Udry
Christopher Udry
Northwestern
Agree
1
Bio/Vote History
Werning
Ivan Werning
MIT
Uncertain
5
Bio/Vote History
I think it may have an effect, but I'm not sure it would be substantial, given the small ex ante likelihood and the alternative investment opportunities.