Strong competition from foreign producers is likely to encourage greater private sector expenditure on research and development in the home market.
Responses
© 2025. Kent A. Clark Center for Global Markets.
13%
2%
0%
0%
43%
24%
17%
Responses weighted by each expert's confidence
© 2025. Kent A. Clark Center for Global Markets.
0%
0%
46%
26%
29%
Participant |
University |
Vote |
Confidence |
Bio/Vote History |
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() Franklin Allen |
Imperial College London | Bio/Vote History | ||
Difficult question where the answer depends significantly on the particular circumstances being considered.
|
||||
![]() Pol Antras |
Harvard | Bio/Vote History | ||
This is neither clear theoretically (scale effects versus escape competition effects) nor empirically (see Autor et al. versus Bloom et al.)
-see background information here -see background information here |
||||
![]() Oriana Bandiera |
London School of Economics | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Olivier Blanchard |
Peterson Institute | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Nicholas Bloom |
Stanford | Bio/Vote History | ||
Trade and competition is a long established driver of innovation. Autarkies - like North Korea - have little innovation.
|
||||
![]() Richard William Blundell |
University College London | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Elena Carletti |
Bocconi | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Jean-Pierre Danthine |
Paris School of Economics | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Paul De Grauwe |
LSE | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Jan Eeckhout |
UPF Barcelona | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Ernst Fehr |
Universität Zurich | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Xavier Freixas |
Barcelona GSE | Did Not Answer | Bio/Vote History | |
|
||||
![]() Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln |
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt | Did Not Answer | Bio/Vote History | |
|
||||
![]() Jordi Galí |
Barcelona GSE | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Francesco Giavazzi |
Bocconi | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Rachel Griffith |
University of Manchester | Bio/Vote History | ||
It depends on the capabilities of firms in the home market; if they are too far behind the frontier they won't be able to compete
-see background information here |
||||
![]() Veronica Guerrieri |
Chicago Booth | Did Not Answer | Bio/Vote History | |
|
||||
![]() Luigi Guiso |
Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Sergei Guriev |
Sciences Po | Bio/Vote History | ||
The relationship between competition and innovation is non-linear
|
||||
![]() Patrick Honohan |
Trinity College Dublin | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Beata Javorcik |
University of Oxford | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Botond Kőszegi |
Central European University | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Jan Pieter Krahnen |
Goethe University Frankfurt | Did Not Answer | Bio/Vote History | |
|
||||
![]() Eliana La Ferrara |
Harvard Kennedy | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Christian Leuz |
Chicago Booth | Bio/Vote History | ||
Evidence in both directions, differing for Europe & US. Difference could depend on domestic comp or labor markets (e.g., trapped factors)
-see background information here -see background information here -see background information here -see background information here |
||||
![]() Thierry Mayer |
Sciences-Po | Bio/Vote History | ||
My understanding of the literature both in theory and empirics is that this relationship is
ambiguous.
|
||||
![]() Costas Meghir |
Yale | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Peter Neary |
Oxford | Did Not Answer | Bio/Vote History | |
|
||||
![]() Marco Pagano |
Università di Napoli Federico II | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Lubos Pastor |
Chicago Booth | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Torsten Persson |
Stockholm University | Did Not Answer | Bio/Vote History | |
|
||||
![]() Christopher Pissarides |
London School of Economics and Political Science | Bio/Vote History | ||
R&D will increase the quality of the product or lower its costs and comparative advantage will be restored
|
||||
![]() Richard Portes |
London Business School | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Canice Prendergast |
Chicago Booth | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Imran Rasul |
University College London | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Lucrezia Reichlin |
London Business School | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Rafael Repullo |
CEMFI | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Hélène Rey |
London Business School | Bio/Vote History | ||
Depends on the nature of the industry (monopoly, network effects...).
|
||||
![]() Antoinette Schoar |
MIT | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Daniel Sturm |
London School of Economics | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() John Van Reenen |
LSE | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() John Vickers |
Oxford | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Hans-Joachim Voth |
University of Zurich | Bio/Vote History | ||
Bell labs? I think there is little reason to expect something really systematic here
|
||||
![]() Karl Whelan |
University College Dublin | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Charles Wyplosz |
The Graduate Institute Geneva | Bio/Vote History | ||
|
||||
![]() Fabrizio Zilibotti |
Yale University | Bio/Vote History | ||
|