US

Bank Bailouts

Because the U.S. Treasury bailed out and backstopped banks (by injecting equity into them in late 2008, and later committing to provide public capital to any banks that failed the stress tests and could not raise private capital), the U.S. unemployment rate was lower at the end of 2010 than it would have been without these measures.

Responses weighted by each expert's confidence

Participant University Vote Confidence Bio/Vote History
Acemoglu
Daron Acemoglu
MIT
Uncertain
4
Bio/Vote History
Alesina
Alberto Alesina
Harvard
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Altonji
Joseph Altonji
Yale
Strongly Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Auerbach
Alan Auerbach
Berkeley
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Autor
David Autor
MIT
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Baicker
Katherine Baicker
University of Chicago
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Bertrand
Marianne Bertrand
Chicago
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Chetty
Raj Chetty
Harvard
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Chevalier
Judith Chevalier
Yale
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Currie
Janet Currie
Princeton
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Cutler
David Cutler
Harvard
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Deaton
Angus Deaton
Princeton
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Duffie
Darrell Duffie
Stanford
Strongly Agree
9
Bio/Vote History
Macro performance depends partly on credit from banks, which would have otherwise been impaired. Europe has a related growth issue now,
Edlin
Aaron Edlin
Berkeley Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Eichengreen
Barry Eichengreen
Berkeley
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Fair
Ray Fair
Yale
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Goldberg
Pinelopi Goldberg
Yale
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
If the banking system had collapsed, unemployment would certainly have been higher in 2010.
Goldin
Claudia Goldin
Harvard
Uncertain
2
Bio/Vote History
Goolsbee
Austan Goolsbee
Chicago
Strongly Agree
10
Bio/Vote History
the fact it was necessary doesn't mean we should be happy about it
Greenstone
Michael Greenstone
University of Chicago
Strongly Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
There is some strong evidence that the lending channel is real. See the below link.
-see background information here
Hall
Robert Hall
Stanford
Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
There were much better policies, but what was done was better than nothing, give the bad policies that preceded.
Holmström
Bengt Holmström
MIT
Strongly Agree
9
Bio/Vote History
Without Fed intervention the banking system would have collapsed.
Hoxby
Caroline Hoxby
Stanford Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Judd
Kenneth Judd
Stanford Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Kashyap
Anil Kashyap
Chicago Booth
Strongly Agree
10
Bio/Vote History
They could have been tougher on pay and dividends, but just look across the pond to see a much worse alternative way of proceeding.
Klenow
Pete Klenow
Stanford
Uncertain
3
Bio/Vote History
The Fed would have purchased more private assets without TARP, and who knows what the Fed/Congress would have tried instead.
-see background information here
Lazear
Edward Lazear
Stanford Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Levin
Jonathan Levin
Stanford Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Maskin
Eric Maskin
Harvard
Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Nordhaus
William Nordhaus
Yale
Strongly Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
Obstfeld
Maurice Obstfeld
Berkeley
Agree
4
Bio/Vote History
This statement reflects my best judgment, based on a range of macroeconomic literature, but it would be difficult to prove beyond a doubt.
Rouse
Cecilia Rouse
Princeton
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
Saez
Emmanuel Saez
Berkeley
Strongly Agree
6
Bio/Vote History
Scheinkman
José Scheinkman
Columbia University Did Not Answer Bio/Vote History
Schmalensee
Richard Schmalensee
MIT
Strongly Agree
8
Bio/Vote History
It is hard to imagine the mess we would still be in if most of our large banks had failed.
Shin
Hyun Song Shin
Princeton
Strongly Agree
9
Bio/Vote History
Stock
James Stock
Harvard
Agree
7
Bio/Vote History
Stokey
Nancy Stokey
University of Chicago
Strongly Agree
9
Bio/Vote History
See Ch 7 of Friedman & Schwartz's Monetary History. It's fortunate we had a Central Banker who'd read it and had the courage to act on it.
Thaler
Richard Thaler
Chicago Booth
Agree
3
Bio/Vote History
Not my area but it seems like it had to have helped.
Udry
Christopher Udry
Northwestern
Agree
1
Bio/Vote History
Zingales
Luigi Zingales
Chicago Booth
Agree
5
Bio/Vote History
The question presumes Paulson’s forced alternative. If the only choice is between evil and Armageddon, evil might look ok.